Winter Olympic Games Sochi in 2014　　　　　　　　　　戻る

　　　　　　（ 2014年1月の課題）

The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially the 22nd Olympic Winter Games, are scheduled to take place from 7 to 23 February 2014, in Sochi, Russia, located on the Black Sea coast near the border between Georgia/Abkhazia and Russia.
It is said that 98 events in 15 winter sport disciplines will be held.
Current sport disciplnes are shown below.


Part2: Current sport disciplines 　　QUIZ


Sport/ Description of the Sport
① Alpine skiing （アルペン)

1） It is the sport of sliding down snow-covered hills on skies with fixed-heel bindings.

2） It is also commonly known as downhill skiing, although that also incorporates different styles.
(downhill ﾀﾞｳﾝﾋる　滑降の、incorporate　ｲﾝｺｰﾊﾟﾚｲﾄｩ　～を含む）
② Biathlon （バイアスロン）

1 )It debuted at the1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, U.S.A. with the men's 20 km individual event.

2） It usually refers specifically to the winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting.
（debut ﾃﾞﾋﾞｭｰ　初登場する、refer to　～の事を言う）
③ Bobsleigh　（ボブスレー）

1) Its two-man event was introduced at the 1932 games and a two-woman event was first contested at the 2002 Winter Olympics.

2) It is a winter sport in which teams of two or four make timed runs down narrow, twisting, banked, iced tracks in a gravity-powered sled.

3) The timed runs are combined to calculate the final score.
(time タイムを計る）
④ Cross-country skiing　（距離）

1） It has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the first Winter Games in 1924 in Chamonix, France.

2) The women's events were first contested at the 1952 Winter Olympics.

3) It is popular in many places with large snowfields, primarily Northern Europe, Canada , and Alaska

4) It is a form of ski touring in which participants propel themselves across snow-covered terrain using skis and poles.
(propel　ﾌﾟﾛﾍﾟる　～を前進させる　terrain　ﾀﾚｲﾝﾇ　地域・地形）
⑤ Curling　（カーリング）

1) It has been an official sport in the Winter Olympic Games since the 1998 Winter Olympics, Nagano.

2) A game may consist of ten or eight ends.

3) Two teams, each of four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones across a sheet of ice towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice.

4) Each team has eight stones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game, points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each end, which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones.
(granite ｸﾞﾗﾆｯﾄｩ　花崗(こう）岩）
⑥ Figure skating　（フィギュア）

1) It was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

2) The blade has a groove on the bottom creating two distinct edges inside and outside.

3) Its atheletes should skate on one edge of the blade and not on both at the same time, which is referred to as a flat edge.

4) Skates have a set of large, jagged teeth called toe picks on the front of the blade.

5) The four disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing appeared as part of a team event for the first time at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
（blade ﾌﾞﾚｲﾄﾞｩ 刃, 　groove ｸﾞﾙｰぶ 溝, 　edge ｴｯｼﾞ 縁,
athelete ｱすﾘｰﾄｩ 運動選手、　jagged ぎざぎざのある）
⑦ Freestyle skiing　（フリースタイル）

1) It has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1992 Winter Games in Albetville, France.

2) It first began to be contested seriously in the 1960s and early 1970s, when it was often known as "hot-dogging."

3) Currently there are two main branches; one encompassing the more traditional events of moguls and aerials, and a newer branch often called new school, comprising events such as halfpipe, big air, slopestyle, and big mountain or free-skiing.
(encompass ｴﾝｶﾝﾊﾟｽ　～を含む、comprising　ｺﾝﾌﾟﾗｲｽﾞ　～を含む）
⑧ Ice hockey　（アイスホッケー）

1) It is a team sport played on ice in which skaters use sticks to shoot a hard rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points.

2) A team usually consists of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goalies.

3) Five members of each team skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

4) Each team has a goaltender who tries to stop the puck from going into the goal.
⑨ Luge　（リュージュ）

1) Germany won the largest number of medals in this discipline.

2) It is a small one- or two-person sled on which one sleds supine (face up) and feet-first.

3) Steering is done by flexing the sled's runners with the calf of each leg or exerting opposite shoulder pressure to the seat.
(supineｽｰﾊﾟｲﾝﾇ　あお向けの[で], flex ～曲げる・収縮する, runner ﾗﾅｰ 滑走部
calf ｶふ 　ふくらはぎ, 　exert ｲｸﾞｻﾞｰﾄｩ　～を使う）
⑩ Nordic combined　（ノルディック複合）

1) Its first major competition was held in 1892 in Oslo, Norway.

2) There is currently no women's competition sanctioned by the International Ski Federation.
It is a winter sport in which athletes compete in both cross-country skiing and ski jumping.
(sanction ～を認可する）
⑪ Short track speed skating （ショートトラック）

1) It has been a contest at the Winter Olympics since the 1992 Winter Games in Albetville, France.

2) The sport has been dominated by teams from Asia and North America.

3) In competitions, multiple skaters (typically between four and six) skate on an oval ice track with a circumference of 111.12 m.
(dominat ﾄﾞﾐﾈｲﾄｩ　優位を占める, circumference ｻｰｶﾝﾌｧﾚﾝｽ　周囲の長さ、円周）
⑫ Skeleton　（スケルトン）

1) It originated in St. Moriz, Switzerland, as a spin-off from the popular British sport of Cresta Sledding.

2) It is a fast winter sliding sport in which an individual person rides a small sled down a frozen track while lying face down, during which athletes experience forces up to 5g.
⑬ Ski jumping　（スキー・ジャンプ）

1) The skis used for the sport are wide and long (260 to 275 centimetres (102 to 108 in)

2) It is a sport in which skiers go down a take-off ramp, jump and attempt to land as far as possible down the hill below.

3) The winner is decided on a scoring system based on distance, style, inrun length and wind conditions.
（inrun ｲﾝﾗﾝﾇ　侵入）
⑭ Snowboarding　（スノーボード）

1) It was developed in the United States in the 1960s and became a Winter Olympic Sport in 1998.

2) It is a winter sport that involves descending a slope that is covered with snow while standing on a board attached to a rider's feet, using a special boot set into a mounted binding.

3)The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.
（mounted 固定された、binding　ﾊﾞｲﾝﾃﾞｨﾝｸﾞｩ　締め具、ビンディング）
⑮ Speed skating　（スピードスケート）

1) It is an Olympic sport where competitors are timed while crossing a set distance.

2) It enjoys large popularity in the Netherlands and has also had champion athletes from Austria, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Japn, Italy, Norway, South Korea, Russia, Sweden, the Czec Republic and the United States.

3) Athletes attain maximum speeds of up to 65 to 70 km/h (40 to 43 mph).



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