Makki's 英語　観光・日本の休日

以下、日本の休日の説明です。

　日本について紹介　《JNTO内・英文》を参考に、ページを作成しています。

Seasonal holidays in Japan that do not need to be on specific dates fall on Monday.
There are also long holiday seasons such as the year-end and new-year holidays (the last week of December to the first week of January), Golden Week (the last week of April to the first week of May), and the Bon holiday (mid-August).
Traffic and resorts tend to be extremely busy during these times.

《訳》特別な日付である必要のない季節ごとの休日は、月曜日にあたります。
また、年末年始の休日（12月の最終週～1月の第一週）、ゴールデンウィーク（4月の最終週～5月の第一週）、そしてお盆休日（8月の中旬）のような長い休日の時期もあります。
交通と行楽地は、これらの時期、非常に混雑する傾向があります。

日本の祝祭日　（16日/ 2016年12月現在）

休日の英語表記はJNTOのものを基準に書きましたが、WEBサイトで検索しても、色々な表記が見受けられました。正式な英語表記…どこを見ればよいのでしょう？

Name of the Day Date
New Year’s Holiday Jan 1st	元日 1月1日	It is the "festival of the festivals" in Japan. It is celebrated with solemnity and yet in a joyful mood. solemnity=ｿれﾑﾆﾃｨ=厳粛、荘厳 You can see New Year decorations of pine and plum branches, bamboo stalks and ropes with paper festoons. stalk=ｽﾄｰｸｩ=幹、茎（stem) festoon=ふｪｽﾄｩｰﾝﾇ=（花・葉・リボンなどをひも状にした）花綱飾り Many people visit shrines, throw money into an offertory box and pray to gods for a new year. offertory=ｵふｧﾄﾘｨ=奉納祈願、献金
Coming-of -Age Day The 2nd Monday of January	成人の日 1月の第2月曜日	In Japan, children are considered adults on their 20th birthday. Municipal governments host special coming-of-age ceremonies for 20-year-olds and the participants dress up. It is custom for 20-year-old women to wear a kimono called Furisode (a long-sleeved colorful kimono). Men wear a formal suit or a traditional Hakama (long pleated skirt worn over a kimono) From that day on, they are invested with all the rights of citizenship. (The law was revised in 2016; the right to vote is given at the age of 18, lowered from 20.)
National Foundation Day foundation =ふｧﾝﾃﾞｲｼｮﾝﾇ =創立、土台 February 11th	建国記念の日 2月11日	According to an ancient Japanese legend, this is the day when Emperor Jimmu, the first Emperor of Japan, established his capital in the Yamato district (today's Nara prefecture) . This day is celebrated in commemoration of the foundation of the country. in commemoration of=～を記念して
Vernal Equinox Day vernal=ばｰﾇる =春の equinox =ｲｰｸｲﾉｯｸｽｩ =昼と夜の長さがほぼ同じ日 Mar 20th or Mar 21st	春分の日 3月20日または 3月21日	The week centering around this day is known as Higan, when all Buddhist temples throughout the country hold special services. People visit a grave of their family or relatives, offer flowers, burn sticks of incense, and pray for souls of their ancestors and their dead family. offer flowers=花を捧げる burn sticks of incense=線香をたく　 incense=ｲﾝｾﾝｽｩ=お香、（～に）焼香する
Showa Day April 29th	昭和の日 4月29日	This day was the birthday of the late Emperor Showa. the late=前の Upon his death in January 1989, the era of Showa ended, Heisei started, and this day was renamed. rename=ﾘﾈｲﾑ=～に新しい名をつける
Constitution Memorial Day May 3rd	憲法記念日 5月3日	*Commemorated on this day is the establishment of the modern Japanese Constitution, which came into effect in 1947. This new constitution prohibits armament and war. 憲法が施行された日
Greenery Day May 4th	みどりの日 5月4日
Children’s Day May 5th	こどもの日 5月5日	Ceremonies and parties are observed throughout the country in which the children are wished happiness and prosperity. People hoist carp-shaped streamers on tall poles outdoors, take a hot bath with iris leaves floating in it, and eat rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves called Chimaki or rice cakes stuffed with sweet bean paste wrapped in oak leaves called Kashiwa-mochi. Some homes display a Kabuto (ancient warrior helmet) in the hope that the boys will have a strong and healthy warrior spirit.
Maritime Day (Marine Day) The 3rd Monday of July	海の日 7月の第3月曜日	Marine Day falls on the third Monday of July. Since 1996 it has become a national holiday. It was founded to pray for the ocean's bounty and to pray for the prosperity of Japan as a seafaring nation. bounty=ﾊﾞｳﾝﾃｨ=（文）豊富にあること、報奨金 seafaring=（文）航海の seafaring nations=海洋国
Mountain Day Aug 11th	山の日 8月11日
Respect for the Aged Day The 3rd Monday of Sept	敬老の日 9月の第3月曜日	People wish the elderly of the nation a long life and thank them for their contribution to society for so many years.
Autumnal Equinox Day Sept 22nd or 23rd	秋分の日 9月22日または 9月23日	The week centering around this day is known as Higan. People do almost the same things as they do during Higan in Spring.
Health and Sports Day (Sports Day) The 2nd Monday of Oct	体育の日 10月の第2月曜日	This is celebrated to promote the mental and physical health of the people through the enjoyment of sports. This day was established in commemoration of Tokyo Olympic Games, which began on October 10th, 1964.
Culture Day Nov 3rd	文化の日 11月3日	This day was established to stress the importance of science as well as thank those who have contributed to the advancement of Japanese culture. On this day the government bestows medals to people who have made significant contributions to cultural progress in Japan. bestow=ﾋﾞｽﾄｳ=《正式》～を授ける in honor of=～に敬意を表して honorary=ｵﾉﾗﾘｨ=名誉の、名誉上の
Labor Thanksgiving Day Nov 23rd	勤労感謝の日 11月23日	This day was established to provide a day for recognition of the importance of labor and to stress the importance of work in everyone's mind.
The Emperor’s Birthday Dec 23rd	天皇誕生日 12月23日	The Emperor of Japan does not rule/ but is a symbol of the nation. On this day/ prayers are offered of his longevity, and the imperial Family, appearing on the balcony of the Imperial Palace, exchanges greeting with the crowd of visitors below. Everybody has a chance to go and see the Emperor from the garden of the Palace.

Substitute Day	振替休日

Bon July 13th-15th(16th) in Tokyo, Yokohama ,etc. Aug 13th-15th(16th) in rural areas or countryside, etc.	お盆 7月13日から15日（または16日）東京、横浜などで 8月13日から15日（または１６日）田園地帯や地方などで	Religious rites are held throughout the country in memory of the dead. According to Buddhist belief, the dead return to their home during this period. Lanterns are lit and Bon Odori folk dances are offered to comfort the souls. The festival is celebrated from the 13th to the 15th either in July or August, depending on the area in Japan.

Shichi-go-san Seven-five-three Nov 15th	七五三 11月15日	Shichi-go-san literally means "seven-five-three". When boys reach five years old and girls reach either three or seven years old, they are dressed and taken to the shrines by their parents to pray for their healthy growth. Chitose-ame, "thousand-year-candy", is a special candy which is sold for Shichi-go-san. It is thin, red and white candy, symbolizing healthy growth and longevity. longevity=ろﾝｼﾞｪびﾃｨ=長寿 You can see small children in kimono carrying long papper bags of Chitose-ame and walking happily with their realatives in shrines around that day.

the winter solstice around Dec 22nd solstice=ｿるｽﾃｨｽｩ =至（太陽が赤道から最も遠く離れる時）	冬至 12月22日頃 Candle Night:　参考サイト	The winter solstice is the shortest day and the longest night in the northern hemisphere. In Japan it is around December 22. It is regarded as an important day when the sun is considered to be reborn because each day gets longer after the solstice. Actually in Japan, it gets much colder after the winter solstice. So many practices to warm up and take care of ourselves have been passed on since old days. One of the wide spread practices is taking a bath with "yuzu", a kind of lemon, in a bath filled with hot water. It is said that if you take a yuzu-yu bath on that day, you will never catch a cold during winter. Another well-known practice is to eat a pumpkin on that day. Pumpkins are full of vitamin A and carotene. They will prevent us from catching cold.